【关键词】 螺旋蜗轴动脉;交感神经;酪氨酸单氧化酶;免疫组织化学;豚鼠
【Abstract】 AIM: To investigate the detailed innervation patterns of the sympathetic nerve to the cochlear blood vessels and related neurotransmitters in the guinea pig. METHODS: The spiral modiolar artery(SMA) in guinea pig cochlea was exposed by microsurgery, then the fluorogold(FG) or horseradish peroxidase(HRP) was given around the SMA for retrograde tracing. The bilateral superior cervical ganglia(SCG) and stellate ganglia(STG) were observed to find retrogradely labeled neurons. The neurotransmitters of these sympathetic fibers around SMA were ascertained by using retrograde tracing combined with immunohistochemical doublelabeled technique. RESULTS: Retrogradely labeled neurons with FG or HRP were found in the rostral half of the ipsilateral SCG. No labeled neurons were observed in the contralateral SCG and the bilateral STG. Most of HRPlabeled neurons in SCG were THIR positive and NPYIR positive, while none of them were CGRPor SPpositiue. CONCLUSION: The THIR positive and NPYIR positive neurons in SCG send projections to the ipsilateral cochlear blood vessels. The norepinephrine and NPY may be used by sympathetic nerve to regulate cochlear blood flow.
【Keywords】 spiral modiolar artery; sympathetic nerve; tyrosine 3monoorygenase; immunohistochemistry; guinea pigs
【摘要】 目的: 研究豚鼠耳蜗螺旋蜗轴动脉接受交感神经支配的具体来源情况及与该交感神经纤维调节功能相关的神经递质. 方法: 在正常豚鼠单侧耳蜗螺旋蜗轴动脉局部滴加逆行追踪剂辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)或荧光金(FG),观察双侧交感颈上神经节、星状神经节内HRP或FG逆标神经元的分布;采用逆标与免疫组化相结合的双重标记方法观察追踪阳性神经元是否表达酪氨酸羟化酶(TH)、神经肽Y(NPY)、钙基因相关肽(CGRP)或P物质(SP). 结果: 同侧颈上神经节内可见逆行追踪阳性神经元胞体,对侧颈上及双侧星状神经节内却未见阳性细胞;阳性神经元多同时呈TH, NPY阳性,但未见CGRP或SP双标的阳性神经元. 结论: 豚鼠颈上神经节内存在TH及NPY阳性神经元支配同侧耳蜗血管,去甲肾上腺素和神经肽Y可能是交感神经节后纤维调节耳蜗血流的递质或调质.
【关键词】 螺旋蜗轴动脉;交感神经;酪氨酸单氧化酶;免疫组织化学;豚鼠
0引言
耳蜗正常的血液供应对维持其生理功能及内环境稳定具有重要意义,已证实耳蜗微血管存在复杂的调节机制,交感神经系统、体循环血压、局部代谢产物、药物及血管活性肽等都会影响耳蜗血流. 现有研究观察到哺乳动物耳蜗接受丰富的交感神经支配[1],且这些交感神经纤维大多是去甲肾上腺素能的. Wangemann等[2]在体外实验观察到耳蜗的主要供血动脉如: 基底动脉、小脑前下动脉及螺旋蜗轴动脉的收缩都受到交感神经的调节. 邱建华等[3]观察到豚鼠螺旋蜗轴动脉及其放射状动脉周围均有不同程度的酪氨酸羟化酶(tyrosine hydroxylase,TH)免疫反应阳性神经纤维的分布. 本研究旨在明确豚鼠耳蜗螺旋蜗轴动脉接受交感神经节后纤维支配的具体来源情况以及与该交感神经纤维调节功能相关的神经递质,为进一步研究交感神经对耳蜗血流的调节作用奠定基础.
1材料和方法
1.1材料选用健康、耳廓反射灵敏的白色豚鼠12只,由第四军医大学实验动物中心提供,体质量(280±50) g,雌雄不拘,自由摄取食水. 将豚鼠随机分为3组: 辣根过氧化物酶(horseradish peroxidase, HRP)追踪组;荧光金(fluorogold, FG)追踪组和对照组. 追踪用H 1 2 3 下一页
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